Lesson 44 · Part 4

Lesson 44. Verb Negation: ne radim, ne znam

The Main Rule

A regular verb is negated with the word ne before it.

Radim. (Радим.)
— I work.
Ne radim. (Не радим.)
— I don't work.
Čitamo knjigu. (Читамо књигу.)
— We read a book.
Ne čitamo knjigu. (Не читамо књигу.)
— We don't read a book.
Oni pišu pismo. (Они пишу писмо.)
— They write a letter.
Oni ne pišu pismo. (Они не пишу писмо.)
— They don't write a letter.

It’s simple: ne + verb.

Three Exceptions — “Fused” Negations

Three very important verbs merge with ne into one word:

bitinisam, nije…

We already covered this (nisam, nisi, nije, nismo, niste, nisu).

imati (“to have”) → nemam, nemaš, nema…

PersonAffirmativeNegation
Iimam**nemam**
youimaš**nemaš**
he/sheima**nema**
weimamo**nemamo**
you (pl.)imate**nemate**
theyimaju**nemaju**

You don’t say ne imam — only nemam.

hteti (“to want”) → neću, nećeš, neće…

PersonAffirmativeNegation
Ihoću**neću**
youhoćeš**nećeš**
he/shehoće**neće**
wehoćemo**nećemo**
you (pl.)hoćete**nećete**
theyhoće**neće**

In Speech

Ne znam. (Не знам.)
— I don't know.
Ne govorim srpski. (Не говорим српски.)
— I don't speak Serbian.
Nemam brata. (Немам брата.)
— I don't have a brother.
Neću supu! (Нећу супу!)
— I don't want soup!

”Never,” “Nobody,” “Nothing”

In Serbian, like in Russian, double negation is normal:

Ne znam ništa. (Не знам ништа.)
— I don't know anything (lit. 'I don't know nothing').
Nikoga ne vidim. (Никога не видим.)
— I don't see anyone (lit. 'anybody I don't see').
Nikada ne pijem kafu. (Никада не пијем кафу.)
— I never drink coffee.

Two negations in one sentence — that’s normal, just like in Russian.

Exercises

Exercise 1

How do you say "I don't know"?

Show explanation

Just ne before the verb: Ne znam.

Exercise 2

How do you correctly say "I don't have a book"?

Show explanation

imati merges with ne: nemam knjigu.

Exercise 3

Turn into negation: — Radim u školi.Pijemo mleko.Imam psa.Hoćeš sladoled.

Show answer

Ne radim u školi.Ne pijemo mleko.Nemam psa.Nećeš sladoled.

Exercise 4

Translate: “Nobody likes soup.”

Show answer

Niko ne voli supu.

Exercise 5

Why can’t you say “I don’t want” as ne hoću?

Show answer

You can say it and it’s understandable, but the correct form is hteti merges with neneću.

Lesson vocabulary

nemam (немам)
— I don't have
nema (нема)
— (he/she) doesn't have, there is no
neću (нећу)
— I don't want
neće (неће)
— (he/she) doesn't want
niko (нико)
— nobody
ništa (ништа)
— nothing
nikada (никада)
— never